Pappataci fever

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Pappataci fever
Synonyms	Phlebotomus fever, sandfly fever
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Fever, headache, myalgia, malaise
Complications	Rarely encephalitis
Onset	3-6 days after exposure
Duration	2-4 days
Types	N/A
Causes	Phlebovirus infection transmitted by sandfly bites
Risks	Exposure to sandfly habitats
Diagnosis	Serology, PCR
Differential diagnosis	Dengue fever, malaria, typhoid fever
Prevention	Insect repellent, mosquito nets
Treatment	Supportive care
Medication	Analgesics, antipyretics
Prognosis	Generally good
Frequency	Common in endemic areas
Deaths	N/A

Phlebotomus pappatasi taking a blood meal

Pappataci fever, also known as sandfly fever or three-day fever, is a viral disease transmitted by the bite of infected female sandflies. The disease is caused by the Phlebovirus species of the Bunyaviridae family.

Symptoms

The onset of Pappataci fever is sudden, with symptoms including fever, severe frontal headache, eye pain, muscle pain, and a feeling of malaise. The fever typically lasts for three days, hence the name "three-day fever". Other symptoms may include a slow heart rate, low blood pressure, and a rash.

Transmission

Pappataci fever is transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies of the genus Phlebotomus. The virus is maintained in nature through a cycle involving sandflies and mammals, including humans.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Pappataci fever is based on the patient's symptoms and history of travel to an area where the disease is known to occur. Laboratory tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for Pappataci fever. Management of the disease is supportive, with rest and fluids.

Prevention

Prevention of Pappataci fever involves avoiding sandfly bites. This can be achieved through the use of insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, and staying indoors from dusk to dawn when sandflies are most active.

See also

• List of diseases (P)
• List of infectious diseases

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