Pinta (disease)

Pinta
Synonyms	Mal del pinto
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Skin lesions, hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation
Complications	Disfigurement
Onset	Childhood or adolescence
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Treponema carateum
Risks	Living in rural, tropical areas
Diagnosis	Clinical diagnosis, serology
Differential diagnosis	Vitiligo, leprosy, tinea versicolor
Prevention	Improved hygiene, education
Treatment	Antibiotics such as penicillin
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Good with treatment
Frequency	Rare, endemic in certain regions of Central America, South America
Deaths	N/A

Pinta is a skin disease caused by Treponema carateum, a bacteria that is closely related to the one that causes syphilis. It is one of the three non-venereal or endemic treponematoses, the other two being yaws and bejel. Pinta is primarily found in Central and South America.

Symptoms and Signs

The first sign of Pinta is a small, red, scaly spot on the skin. This spot, known as the "primary lesion", gradually enlarges and darkens, eventually becoming bluish or blackish in color. The disease then progresses to the second stage, where multiple similar spots appear on other parts of the body. In the final stage of the disease, the skin discoloration becomes more widespread and can affect the entire body.

Transmission

Pinta is transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. The bacteria enter the body through minor cuts or abrasions in the skin. It is not transmitted through sexual contact, unlike syphilis.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Pinta is based on the characteristic skin lesions and confirmed by laboratory tests. The bacteria can be seen under a microscope in samples taken from the lesions.

Treatment

Pinta can be effectively treated with penicillin. Other antibiotics such as tetracycline or erythromycin can be used in patients allergic to penicillin.

Prevention

Prevention of Pinta involves avoiding direct skin-to-skin contact with infected individuals. In endemic areas, mass treatment programs with penicillin have been effective in controlling the disease.

See also

• List of cutaneous conditions
• Treponemal infection