Polyembryoma
Polyembryoma
Polyembryoma (pronunciation: /ˌpɒliːɛmˈbraɪəmə/) is a rare type of germ cell tumor that is characterized by the presence of multiple embryonic structures.
Etymology
The term "Polyembryoma" is derived from the Greek words "poly" meaning many, and "embryo" meaning young or early stage, referring to the multiple embryonic structures found in this type of tumor.
Definition
Polyembryoma is a subtype of teratoma, a type of germ cell tumor that originates from pluripotent stem cells. It is characterized by the presence of multiple, often rudimentary, embryonic structures. These tumors are most commonly found in the ovaries and testes, but can also occur in extragonadal sites such as the mediastinum, retroperitoneum, and sacrococcygeal region.
Symptoms
The symptoms of polyembryoma can vary depending on the location of the tumor. In the ovaries and testes, symptoms may include abdominal or pelvic pain, a palpable mass, and in some cases, hormonal changes leading to precocious puberty or gynecomastia. In extragonadal sites, symptoms can include respiratory distress, abdominal distension, or neurological symptoms depending on the location of the tumor.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of polyembryoma is typically made through a combination of imaging studies, such as ultrasound or CT scan, and histopathological examination of the tumor. Serum markers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) may also be elevated.
Treatment
Treatment for polyembryoma typically involves surgical resection of the tumor, often followed by chemotherapy. The prognosis for patients with polyembryoma is generally good, particularly if the tumor is detected early and completely resected.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Polyembryoma
- Wikipedia's article - Polyembryoma
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