Pressure ulcers
Pressure Ulcers
Pressure ulcers, also known as decubitus ulcers or bedsores, are localized injuries to the skin and/or underlying tissue that usually occur over a bony prominence as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear and/or friction.
Pronunciation
Pressure ulcers: /ˈprɛʃər ˈʌlsərz/
Etymology
The term "pressure ulcer" is derived from the Latin words "pressura" meaning "pressure", and "ulcus" meaning "sore".
Related Terms
- Decubitus: A medical term for a condition caused by lying in one position for a long period of time.
- Bedsore: A sore developed by an individual confined to bed for a long period due to illness.
- Shear (medicine): A mechanical force that acts on an area of skin in a direction parallel to the body’s surface.
- Friction (medicine): The resistance to motion of one object moving relative to another.
- Bony prominence: Areas of the body where the bone lies close to the skin.
Causes
Pressure ulcers often occur as a result of skin being compressed between a bony prominence and an external surface for a prolonged period. The most common sites for pressure ulcers are the sacrum, coccyx, heels or the hips, but other sites such as the elbows, knees, ankles, back of cranium and shoulders can also be affected.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of a pressure ulcer is the formation of an open sore on the skin that does not heal. The sore can be painful and may be filled with pus. In severe cases, the sore may extend into the muscle or bone.
Treatment
Treatment for pressure ulcers includes reducing pressure on the affected skin, caring for the wounds, controlling pain, preventing infection and maintaining good nutrition.
Prevention
Prevention of pressure ulcers involves regular changing of position, good skin hygiene, nutrition and hydration, and use of pressure-relieving devices such as specially designed mattresses or cushioning.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Pressure ulcers
- Wikipedia's article - Pressure ulcers
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