Prostatic calculi

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Prostatic calculi
Synonyms	Prostatic stones, prostatic concretions
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	Urology
Symptoms	Often asymptomatic, but can include pelvic pain, dysuria, hematuria
Complications	Urinary tract infection, prostatitis, bladder outlet obstruction
Onset	Typically in middle-aged to elderly men
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Calcification of prostatic secretions, inflammation
Risks	Age, benign prostatic hyperplasia, chronic prostatitis
Diagnosis	Digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound, CT scan
Differential diagnosis	Benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer, urethral stricture
Prevention	Regular urological check-ups, managing prostatitis
Treatment	Often none required, antibiotics for infection, surgery if symptomatic
Medication	Antibiotics for associated infections
Prognosis	Generally good if asymptomatic
Frequency	Common in older men
Deaths	N/A

Prostatic calculi, also known as prostatic stones, are small, often asymptomatic stones that form within the prostate gland. These calculi are typically composed of calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate and can vary in size and number. While they are generally considered benign, they can sometimes be associated with prostatitis or other urological conditions.

Pathophysiology

The formation of prostatic calculi is thought to be related to the stagnation of prostatic secretions and the subsequent precipitation of mineral salts. This process can be influenced by factors such as inflammation, infection, and obstruction of the prostatic ducts. Over time, these precipitated salts can aggregate to form calculi.

Clinical Presentation

Most individuals with prostatic calculi are asymptomatic and the stones are often discovered incidentally during imaging studies for other conditions. However, in some cases, they may be associated with symptoms such as:

• Dysuria
• Hematuria
• Pelvic pain
• Urinary tract infections

Diagnosis

Prostatic calculi are typically diagnosed through imaging studies. Common diagnostic tools include:

• Ultrasound: Can detect the presence of stones within the prostate.
• X-ray: May reveal calcifications in the prostate area.
• CT scan: Provides detailed images and can help in assessing the size and number of stones.

Management

In most cases, prostatic calculi do not require treatment unless they are causing significant symptoms or complications. Management options may include:

• Observation: For asymptomatic stones.
• Antibiotics: If associated with infection.
• Surgical removal: In rare cases where stones cause obstruction or severe symptoms.

Complications

While prostatic calculi are generally benign, potential complications can include:

• Chronic prostatitis
• Recurrent urinary tract infections
• Obstruction of urinary flow

See Also

• Prostate gland
• Prostatitis
• Urinary tract infection
• Calcium phosphate