Pseudohypertrophy

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Pseudohypertrophy
File:Drawing of boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.png
Synonyms	False hypertrophy
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Enlargement of muscles, weakness
Complications	Muscle weakness, contractures, scoliosis
Onset	Childhood
Duration	Progressive
Types	N/A
Causes	Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy, other muscular dystrophies
Risks	Genetic predisposition
Diagnosis	Physical examination, genetic testing, muscle biopsy
Differential diagnosis	True hypertrophy, lipomatosis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Physical therapy, orthopedic surgery, corticosteroids
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Variable, depends on underlying condition
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Pseudohypertrophy is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal enlargement of tissues or organs due to an increase in the size of the cells, but not in the number of cells. It is often associated with muscular dystrophy, a group of genetic diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass.

Causes

Pseudohypertrophy is most commonly associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). These are genetic disorders characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness due to the alterations of a protein called dystrophin that helps keep muscle cells intact.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of pseudohypertrophy is the enlargement of certain muscles, particularly the calf muscles. Despite their size, these muscles are often weak and the size is due to an accumulation of fat and connective tissue, rather than muscle mass.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of pseudohypertrophy involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Additional tests may include a muscle biopsy, genetic testing, and electromyography (EMG).

Treatment

There is currently no cure for pseudohypertrophy. Treatment is focused on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. This may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and the use of assistive devices.

See also

• Muscular dystrophy
• Duchenne muscular dystrophy
• Becker muscular dystrophy