Psilocybe semilanceata

Psilocybin, Kekulé, skeletal formula of canonical psilocybin

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Empreinte de spore Psilocybe semilanceata

Species of fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae

Psilocybe semilanceata, commonly known as the liberty cap, is a species of fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae. It is one of the most widely distributed psilocybin mushrooms in nature, and one of the most potent. The main psychoactive compounds are psilocybin and baeocystin.

Description

Psilocybe semilanceata has a distinctive conical to bell-shaped cap, usually with a prominent papilla. The cap is hygrophanous, meaning it changes color depending on its hydration level, typically ranging from a pale yellow-brown when dry to a darker brown when moist. The gills are adnexed and have a pale to dark brown color with whitish edges. The stipe is slender, often with a slight curve, and is typically the same color as the cap or slightly lighter. The spore print is dark purple-brown.

Habitat and Distribution

Psilocybe semilanceata is commonly found in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. It typically grows in grasslands, particularly in pastures and meadows that have been fertilized by livestock. Unlike some other psilocybin mushrooms, it does not grow directly on dung.

Psychoactive Properties

The primary psychoactive compounds in Psilocybe semilanceata are psilocybin and baeocystin. These compounds are known to cause hallucinations, euphoria, and changes in perception, mood, and thought. The intensity of the effects can vary depending on the dosage, the individual's physiology, and the environment in which the mushrooms are consumed.

Legal Status

The legal status of Psilocybe semilanceata varies by country. In many places, the possession, sale, and use of psilocybin mushrooms are illegal. However, some countries and regions have decriminalized or legalized their use for medical or recreational purposes.

Related Species

Psilocybe semilanceata is closely related to other species in the genus Psilocybe, such as Psilocybe cubensis and Psilocybe cyanescens. These species also contain psilocybin and are known for their psychoactive properties.

See Also

• Psilocybin mushroom
• Psilocybin
• Psychedelic drug
• Mycology
• Fungus