Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are events resembling an epileptic seizure, but without the characteristic electrical discharges associated with epilepsy. They are of psychological origin, and are one type of somatoform disorder, also classified as a conversion disorder. Pronunciation: /saɪkoʊˈdʒɛnɪk nɒnˈɛpɪlɛptɪk 'si:zʊr/.
Etymology
The term "psychogenic" derives from the Greek words "psyche" meaning "mind" and "genesis" meaning "origin". The term "non-epileptic" is used to distinguish these seizures from epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures.
Symptoms
PNES can manifest as convulsions, episodes of loss of consciousness, or other seizure-like activity. These symptoms can be similar to those of an epileptic seizure but are not caused by abnormal brain electrical discharges. Instead, they are believed to be an involuntary physical response to psychological stress or trauma.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of PNES often involves ruling out epilepsy and other neurological disorders. This can be done through electroencephalogram (EEG) testing, which can detect the abnormal electrical activity in the brain that characterizes epilepsy. If no such activity is found, and if the patient's symptoms and history suggest a psychological cause, a diagnosis of PNES may be made.
Treatment
Treatment for PNES often involves psychological therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This can help the patient learn to manage stress and emotional trauma, which may reduce the frequency and severity of their seizures.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure
- Wikipedia's article - Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure
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