Punishment
Punishment
Punishment (/pʌnɪʃmənt/) is the imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon a group or individual, meted out by an authority—in contexts ranging from child discipline to criminal law—as a response and deterrent to a particular action or behavior that is deemed undesirable or unacceptable.
Etymology
The word "punishment" comes from the Old French puniss-, lengthened stem of punir "to punish," from Latin punire "to inflict a penalty on, cause pain for some offense," earlier poenire, from poena "penalty, punishment".
Related Terms
- Retribution: A principle in justice systems in which the punishment should fit the crime.
- Deterrence (psychology): The prevention of a behavior by means of the threat of punishment.
- Discipline: A set of rules and standards to govern behavior, often associated with punishment for violations.
- Penalty: A punitive measure that the law enforces for the performance of an act that is proscribed, or for the failure to perform a required act.
- Sanction (law): A threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule, often used interchangeably with punishment.
- Justice: The principle of fairness that, like punishment, is key to the enforcement of laws and rules.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Punishment
- Wikipedia's article - Punishment
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