Puumala orthohantavirus
Puumala orthohantavirus
Puumala orthohantavirus (pronounced: poo-mah-la or-tho-han-ta-vi-rus) is a species of Hantavirus in the family Hantaviridae. It is named after the location of its first identification, Puumala, a municipality in Finland.
Etymology
The term "Puumala" is derived from the Finnish location where the virus was first identified. "Orthohantavirus" is derived from the Greek word "orthos" meaning "straight" or "correct", and "hantavirus", the family of viruses to which it belongs.
Description
Puumala orthohantavirus is a single-stranded, enveloped, negative-sense RNA virus. It is primarily carried by the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), and is one of several hantaviruses that cause Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in humans.
Transmission
Transmission of Puumala orthohantavirus to humans typically occurs through inhalation of aerosolized virus that is shed in urine, feces, and saliva of infected rodents. Direct contact with these materials and rodent bites can also result in transmission.
Symptoms
In humans, infection with Puumala orthohantavirus can cause a mild form of HFRS known as Nephropathia epidemica. Symptoms include fever, headache, back and abdominal pain, nausea, and blurred vision. Severe cases can result in acute kidney injury.
Treatment
There is currently no specific antiviral treatment for Puumala orthohantavirus infection. Treatment is supportive and may include hospitalization, oxygen therapy, fluid replacement, and use of medications to relieve pain and fever.
Prevention
Prevention of Puumala orthohantavirus infection involves avoiding contact with rodents and their droppings, maintaining clean living and working environments, and using protective measures when handling rodents or cleaning areas where rodents have been present.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Puumala orthohantavirus
- Wikipedia's article - Puumala orthohantavirus
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