RDX

RDX (also known as Cyclonite or Hexogen) is a powerful and commonly used explosive. It is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)3(NNO2)3. It is a white, crystalline solid that is often used in mixtures with other explosives and plasticizers, desensitizers or phlegmatizers. RDX is stable in storage and is considered one of the most powerful and brisant of the military high explosives.

History

RDX was first synthesized in 1898 by Georg Friedrich Henning, a German chemist. However, it was not until the early 20th century that it was produced in large quantities. During World War II, RDX was widely used by the Allies, and it continues to be used in military applications today.

Production

RDX is produced by the nitrolysis of hexamine, a process that involves the reaction of hexamine with concentrated nitric acid. This reaction produces RDX as well as other byproducts, including formaldehyde and ammonium nitrate.

Properties

RDX is a high explosive, which means it has a high detonation velocity and brisance. It is also relatively insensitive to shock, friction and electrical discharge, making it safe to handle. However, it can be detonated by a strong shock or by heat.

Uses

RDX is used in a variety of applications, including as a filler for plastic-bonded explosives and as a component of plastic explosives such as C-4. It is also used in the manufacture of detonators and blasting caps.

Safety

While RDX is stable and safe to handle, it can be hazardous if ingested or inhaled. Long-term exposure to RDX can lead to health problems, including seizures and other neurological effects.

See also

• TNT
• PETN
• HMX
• Semtex

References

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RDX

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  RDX crystal

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  Bombing up 106 Squadron Lancaster WWII

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  Synthesis hexogen