Rate ratio
Rate ratio
The Rate ratio (pronounced as /reɪt ˈreɪʃioʊ/), also known as relative risk or risk ratio, is a statistical term used in epidemiology and public health. It is a measure of the risk of a certain event happening in one group compared to the risk of the same event happening in another group.
Etymology
The term "rate ratio" is derived from the words "rate", which in this context refers to the frequency of an event over a specific period, and "ratio", which refers to the quantitative relationship between two amounts.
Definition
In epidemiology, the rate ratio is used to compare the incidence rates of events, such as disease or death, in two populations. The rate ratio is calculated by dividing the incidence rate in the exposed group by the incidence rate in the unexposed group. A rate ratio of 1 indicates that the event is equally likely in both groups. A rate ratio greater than 1 indicates that the event is more likely in the exposed group, while a rate ratio less than 1 indicates that the event is less likely in the exposed group.
Related terms
- Incidence rate: The number of new cases of a disease that occur in a specified population in a specified period.
- Prevalence rate: The total number of cases of a disease in a specified population at a specific time.
- Odds ratio: A measure of association between an exposure and an outcome. The odds ratio represents the odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of that exposure.
- Hazard ratio: A measure of how often a particular event happens in one group compared to how often it happens in another group, over time.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Rate ratio
- Wikipedia's article - Rate ratio
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