Reference dose
Reference Dose
Reference Dose (pronunciation: ref-er-ens dohs) is a term used in toxicology and risk assessment to denote the maximum acceptable oral dose of a toxic substance. The reference dose is typically measured in milligrams (mg) of the substance per kilogram (kg) of body weight per day.
Etymology
The term "Reference Dose" is derived from the English words "reference", meaning a thing referred to for information or proof, and "dose", which in medical terms refers to the quantity of a medicine or drug taken or recommended to be taken at a particular time.
Definition
The Reference Dose is an estimate of the daily exposure to the human population, including sensitive subgroups, that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. It is derived from the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (NOAEL), the Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (LOAEL), or the benchmark dose, with uncertainty factors applied.
Related Terms
- No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (NOAEL): The highest experimental point that is without an adverse effect.
- Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (LOAEL): The lowest dose of substance in a study or series of studies that produces statistically or biologically significant increases in frequency or severity of adverse effects between the exposed population and its appropriate control group.
- Benchmark Dose (BMD): A dose or concentration that produces a predetermined change in response rate of an adverse effect (called the benchmark response or BMR) compared to background.
- Uncertainty Factor (UF): A factor used in operation to account for uncertainties, such as sensitive individuals and variations in people's responses to chemicals.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Reference dose
- Wikipedia's article - Reference dose
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