Reflexes
Reflexes
Reflexes (/rɪˈflɛksɪz/; from Latin reflexus, "bent back, reflected") are automatic, involuntary responses to specific stimuli that occur without conscious thought. They are a fundamental part of the nervous system and are essential for survival.
Etymology
The term reflex is derived from the Latin reflexus, meaning "bent back, reflected". It was first used in the medical sense in the 16th century.
Types of Reflexes
There are several types of reflexes, including:
- Monosynaptic reflex: This is the simplest type of reflex. It involves only two neurons: one sensory neuron and one motor neuron. An example is the knee-jerk reflex.
- Polysynaptic reflex: This type of reflex involves multiple synapses and interneurons. An example is the withdrawal reflex.
- Autonomic reflex: These reflexes regulate the functions of our internal organs. Examples include the pupillary light reflex and the baroreceptor reflex.
Clinical Significance
Reflexes are used in clinical practice to assess the integrity of the nervous system. Abnormal reflexes can indicate neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, or spinal cord injury.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Reflexes
- Wikipedia's article - Reflexes
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