Reservoir

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Reservoir is a storage space for fluids. These fluids may be water, hydrocarbons or gas. A reservoir usually means an enlarged natural or artificial lake, storage pond or impoundment created using a dam or lock to store water. Reservoirs can be created by controlling a stream that drains an existing body of water. They can also be constructed in river valleys using a dam. Alternately, a reservoir can be built by excavating flat ground or by constructing retaining walls and levees.

Types of Reservoirs[edit]

Reservoirs can be classified into different types based on their purpose and how they are constructed. The different types of reservoirs include:

  • Surface Reservoirs: These are the most common type of reservoirs. They are usually constructed by damming a river, allowing the water to flow into a valley.
  • Underground Reservoirs: These reservoirs are used to store water, oil, or gas underground. They are often used in areas where surface storage is not feasible.
  • Elevated Reservoirs: These are often used in urban areas to store water for drinking and other uses. They are usually constructed on high ground or on top of buildings.
  • Natural Reservoirs: These are naturally occurring reservoirs such as lakes and ponds. They are often used for recreational purposes, as well as for water storage.

Uses of Reservoirs[edit]

Reservoirs have many uses, including:

  • Irrigation: Reservoirs are often used to store water for irrigation purposes. This is especially important in arid regions where rainfall is not sufficient to support agriculture.
  • Water Supply: Many cities and towns rely on reservoirs for their water supply. The water is treated and then distributed to homes and businesses.
  • Hydroelectric Power: Some reservoirs are used to generate hydroelectric power. The water is released from the reservoir and flows through turbines, generating electricity.
  • Recreation: Many reservoirs are used for recreational purposes, such as boating, fishing, and swimming.

Environmental Impact[edit]

While reservoirs can provide many benefits, they can also have negative impacts on the environment. These include:

  • Habitat Destruction: The construction of a reservoir can lead to the destruction of habitats for plants and animals.
  • Water Quality: The water in a reservoir can become contaminated with pollutants, affecting the quality of the water.
  • Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Reservoirs can contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, as organic matter in the reservoir decomposes and releases methane.

See Also[edit]

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