Rowell's syndrome

Rowell's syndrome is a rare and controversial autoimmune condition characterized by the coexistence of erythema multiforme-like lesions with lupus erythematosus (LE). The syndrome was first described by N. Rowell et al. in 1963.

Symptoms and Signs

The main symptoms of Rowell's syndrome include:

• Erythema multiforme-like lesions
• Positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
• Positive rheumatoid factor (RF)
• Speckled pattern of ANA
• Sensitivity to light (photosensitivity)
• Chilblains

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Rowell's syndrome is based on the presence of lupus erythematosus (either systemic, discoid, or subacute), erythema multiforme-like lesions, and at least one of the immunological criteria (positive ANA, positive RF, or speckled pattern of ANA).

Treatment

Treatment of Rowell's syndrome is similar to that of lupus erythematosus and includes corticosteroids, antimalarial drugs, and immunosuppressive agents.

Prognosis

The prognosis of Rowell's syndrome is generally good, with most patients responding well to treatment. However, the condition can recur, and long-term follow-up is necessary.

See also

• Lupus erythematosus
• Erythema multiforme
• Autoimmune diseases