Sacroiliac joint dysfunction

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Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Sacroiliac joint dysfunction
Synonyms	Sacroiliac joint pain, SI joint dysfunction
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Lower back pain, buttock pain, leg pain
Complications	N/A
Onset	Any age, commonly in adults
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Arthritis, trauma, pregnancy, infection
Risks	Pregnancy, leg length discrepancy, scoliosis
Diagnosis	Physical examination, imaging studies
Differential diagnosis	Herniated disc, hip arthritis, lumbar spinal stenosis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Physical therapy, medication, injections, surgery
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction

Introduction

Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction is a condition characterized by pain in the sacroiliac joint region, which is situated where the lower spine and pelvis connect. The dysfunction is caused by abnormal motion in the sacroiliac joint, either hypermobility (excessive movement) or hypomobility (restricted movement), leading to joint inflammation and discomfort.

Anatomy of the Sacroiliac Joint

The sacroiliac joint (SI joint) connects the sacrum, the triangular bone at the bottom of the spine, to the iliac bones of the pelvis. It plays a crucial role in absorbing shock between the upper body and pelvis and legs.

Causes of Dysfunction

Factors contributing to sacroiliac joint dysfunction can include:

• Degenerative arthritis.
• Pregnancy and childbirth, which can alter joint mobility.
• Trauma or injury to the joint.
• Variations in gait (walking pattern).

Symptoms

Common symptoms of SI joint dysfunction include:

• Pain in the lower back, buttocks, hips, and potentially in the groin area.
• Pain that worsens with prolonged standing or stair climbing.
• Stiffness and reduced range of motion in the pelvis.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of sacroiliac joint dysfunction typically involves:

• Physical examination to assess pain and mobility.
• Medical history review.
• Imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans.
• Diagnostic injections to confirm the source of pain.

Treatment Options

Treatment strategies for sacroiliac joint dysfunction may include:

• Physical therapy and exercises to strengthen the muscles around the joint.
• Pain relief medications, such as NSAIDs.
• SI joint injections with corticosteroids.
• In severe cases, surgical intervention may be considered, such as SI joint fusion.

Prevention and Management

Preventive measures might include:

• Regular exercise to maintain joint flexibility and muscle strength.
• Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the joints.
• Proper posture and ergonomic practices.

See Also

• Orthopedic surgery
• Physical therapy
• Chronic pain

External Links

• Spine-Health - Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
• American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons - Sacroiliac Joint Pain

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