Sentinel loop

Sentinel loop
Synonyms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Localized abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting
Complications	Bowel obstruction, peritonitis
Onset	Acute
Duration	Variable, depending on underlying cause
Types	N/A
Causes	Pancreatitis, appendicitis, cholecystitis, bowel obstruction
Risks
Diagnosis	Abdominal X-ray, CT scan
Differential diagnosis	Ileus, volvulus, intussusception
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Depends on underlying cause; may include surgery, antibiotics, fluid resuscitation
Medication
Prognosis	Variable, depending on underlying cause and treatment
Frequency
Deaths	N/A

Sentinel loop is a medical term referring to a localized ileus near a site of inflammation. The term is often used in the context of acute pancreatitis, where a sentinel loop in the upper abdomen may be one of the first signs of the disease.

Definition

A Sentinel loop is a sign seen on an abdominal X-ray indicating localized ileus (paralysis of the intestine) caused by nearby inflammation. The sentinel loop is a segment of adynamic ileus near the inflamed area, appearing as a localized, dilated loop of bowel.

Clinical Significance

The sentinel loop sign is often associated with acute pancreatitis, but can also be seen in other conditions causing localized inflammation, such as cholecystitis or appendicitis. It is one of the earliest signs of acute pancreatitis on plain abdominal X-ray.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of a sentinel loop is typically made on an abdominal X-ray. The sentinel loop appears as a dilated loop of bowel, usually in the upper abdomen. It is often associated with other signs of inflammation, such as peritoneal signs or leukocytosis.

Treatment

The treatment of a sentinel loop is directed at the underlying cause of the inflammation. This may include antibiotics, analgesics, or surgical intervention, depending on the cause.

See Also

• Ileus
• Pancreatitis
• Cholecystitis
• Appendicitis

References

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