Subglottic stenosis
Subglottic Stenosis
Subglottic stenosis (/sʌbˈɡlɒtɪk stɪˈnoʊsɪs/) is a medical condition characterized by a narrowing of the airway below the vocal cords and above the trachea. The term is derived from the Latin sub meaning "under" and glottis which refers to the part of the larynx consisting of the vocal cords and the opening between them, and the Greek stenosis meaning "narrowing".
Causes
Subglottic stenosis can be either congenital or acquired. Congenital subglottic stenosis is present at birth and is often associated with other anomalies of the larynx. Acquired subglottic stenosis is usually the result of prolonged intubation, trauma to the larynx, or a result of systemic diseases such as Wegener's granulomatosis or lupus.
Symptoms
The symptoms of subglottic stenosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include stridor, difficulty breathing, recurrent pneumonia, and cyanosis. In severe cases, it can lead to life-threatening airway obstruction.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of subglottic stenosis is typically made through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and imaging studies. Laryngoscopy is often used to visualize the subglottic area and assess the degree of stenosis.
Treatment
Treatment options for subglottic stenosis depend on the severity and cause of the condition. They may include medical management, tracheostomy, or surgical procedures such as laryngotracheal reconstruction or cricotracheal resection.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Subglottic stenosis
- Wikipedia's article - Subglottic stenosis
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