Sudan
Sudan (Medicine)
Sudan (pronunciation: soo-dan) is a term used in the field of medicine to refer to a group of dyes used in laboratory staining procedures. These dyes are lipid-soluble and are used to identify fats in tissues. The term is derived from the Arabic word "sūdān" which means "black".
Etymology
The term "Sudan" in the context of medicine does not have a direct connection to the African country of the same name. Instead, it is derived from the Arabic word "sūdān", which translates to "black". This is likely a reference to the deep, rich colors produced by the Sudan dyes when used in staining procedures.
Sudan Dyes
Sudan dyes are a group of azo compounds which are used as dyes for various plastics and fabrics. In the field of histology, they are used to stain lipid and lipoprotein accumulations in cells. There are several types of Sudan dyes, including Sudan III, Sudan IV, and Sudan Black B.
- Sudan III is a red dye used for staining triglycerides in animal tissues. It is also used in some types of paper chromatography.
- Sudan IV is a lysochrome (fat-soluble dye) diazo dye used for staining of lipids, triglycerides and lipoproteins on frozen paraffin sections. It has the appearance of reddish brown crystals with melting point 199 °C.
- Sudan Black B is a fat-soluble lysochrome dye used for staining of neutral triglycerides and lipids on frozen sections and some plastic embedded sections. It has the appearance of dark green to black crystals with melting point 120-124 °C.
Related Terms
- Azo compound - A type of chemical compound that contains a functional group represented as R−N=N−R′, where R and R′ can be either aryl or alkyl.
- Histology - The study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals.
- Lysochrome - A type of dye that is soluble in fats, used in histology for staining.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sudan
- Wikipedia's article - Sudan
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