Superior gluteal artery

Superior Gluteal Artery

The Superior Gluteal Artery is a significant artery in the human body that originates from the internal iliac artery. It is the largest branch of the internal iliac artery and serves the gluteal region.

Etymology

The term "Superior Gluteal Artery" is derived from its anatomical position and the area it supplies. "Superior" refers to its position above the piriformis muscle, while "Gluteal" refers to the buttock muscles it supplies.

Anatomy

The Superior Gluteal Artery usually arises from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery, but it can also originate from the internal iliac artery's common trunk. It exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, superior to the piriformis muscle, and divides into superficial and deep branches.

Superficial Branch

The superficial branch of the Superior Gluteal Artery supplies the gluteus maximus muscle.

Deep Branch

The deep branch of the Superior Gluteal Artery supplies the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus muscles, as well as the tensor fasciae latae muscle.

Clinical Significance

The Superior Gluteal Artery is of clinical importance as it can be damaged during surgical procedures involving the hip joint or pelvis. Damage to this artery can lead to significant blood loss and potentially life-threatening complications.

Related Terms

• Inferior Gluteal Artery
• Internal Iliac Artery
• Gluteal Region

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