Synapsis
Synapsis
Synapsis (pronunciation: sih-NAP-sis) is a critical stage in meiosis, a type of cell division that produces gametes for sexual reproduction.
Etymology
The term "synapsis" comes from the Greek words "syn" meaning "together" and "apsis" meaning "arch", referring to the pairing of chromosomes during meiosis.
Definition
Synapsis is the process where homologous chromosomes, or similar chromosomes that are inherited from each parent, pair up in a process known as chromosome pairing. This occurs during the prophase of meiosis I. The paired chromosomes are called a bivalent or a tetrad, which consists of four chromatids.
Function
The primary function of synapsis is to allow homologous recombination, a type of genetic recombination, to occur. This process leads to the exchange of genetic material between the paired chromosomes, which increases genetic diversity in the offspring.
Related Terms
- Meiosis: A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.
- Chromosome: A DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism.
- Bivalent: A pair of associated homologous chromosomes held together by a complex.
- Tetrad: A four-part structure that forms during the prophase of meiosis and consists of two homologous chromosomes, each composed of two sister chromatids.
- Homologous recombination: The process by which a cell exchanges DNA between two similar or identical molecules of DNA.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Synapsis
- Wikipedia's article - Synapsis
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