Thermal pollution
Thermal Pollution
Thermal pollution (/θərˈmæl pəˈluːʃən/), also known as thermal discharge, is the degradation of water quality by any process that changes ambient water temperature.
Etymology
The term "thermal pollution" is derived from the Greek word "therme" meaning heat, and the Latin word "pollutio" meaning defilement. It was first used in the mid-20th century to describe the negative environmental effects of industrial processes that increase the temperature of nearby water bodies.
Definition
Thermal pollution is the increase in temperature caused by human activities, such as the use of water as a coolant in power plants, which is then discharged back into the natural environment at higher temperatures. This can have significant impacts on aquatic ecosystems, including changes in species composition and adverse effects on fish and other aquatic organisms.
Causes
The primary cause of thermal pollution is the discharge of heated water from industrial processes, particularly power plants that use water as a coolant. Other sources include urban runoff, which can be heated by pavement and buildings, and deforestation, which can increase water temperatures by reducing shade.
Effects
The effects of thermal pollution can be severe, particularly for aquatic ecosystems. Increased water temperatures can reduce oxygen levels, which can harm fish and other aquatic organisms. It can also promote the growth of harmful algae blooms, which can further degrade water quality and harm aquatic life.
Prevention and Control
There are several methods for preventing and controlling thermal pollution. These include using cooling towers to reduce the temperature of discharge water, improving the efficiency of industrial processes to reduce heat production, and implementing regulations to limit the discharge of heated water.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Thermal pollution
- Wikipedia's article - Thermal pollution
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