Trichloroacetonitrile
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Trichloroacetonitrile is a chemical compound with the formula CCl_CN. It is a colorless liquid that is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds.
Structure and Properties
Trichloroacetonitrile consists of a nitrile group (_C_N) attached to a trichloromethyl group (_CCl_). The presence of the three chlorine atoms makes the compound highly electronegative and reactive. The compound is a volatile liquid with a relatively low boiling point of 82 °C and a melting point of -45 °C. It has a density of 1.44 g/cm_, making it denser than water.
Synthesis
Trichloroacetonitrile can be synthesized through the chlorination of acetonitrile in the presence of a suitable catalyst. The reaction involves the substitution of hydrogen atoms in acetonitrile with chlorine atoms, resulting in the formation of trichloroacetonitrile.
Applications
Trichloroacetonitrile is primarily used as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other organic compounds. Its reactivity makes it a valuable building block in organic synthesis, particularly in the formation of more complex molecules.
Safety and Handling
Trichloroacetonitrile is a hazardous chemical and should be handled with care. It is toxic if inhaled or ingested and can cause irritation to the skin and eyes. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles should be worn when handling this compound. It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition.
Environmental Impact
Due to its volatility and reactivity, trichloroacetonitrile can pose environmental risks if not managed properly. It should be disposed of in accordance with local regulations to prevent contamination of water sources and soil.
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