Trypanotolerance
Trypanotolerance (pronunciation: try-pano-tolerance, etymology: derived from the Greek words "trypano" meaning "borer" and "tolerance" meaning "endurance") is a term used in veterinary medicine and genetics to describe the natural ability of certain breeds of livestock, particularly cattle and sheep, to resist infections caused by Trypanosoma, a genus of parasitic protozoan.
Definition
Trypanotolerance is the inherent ability of some breeds of livestock to survive and reproduce under constant threat of infection by Trypanosoma species. This trait is particularly important in tropical regions where these parasites are endemic and can cause severe diseases such as sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals.
Mechanism
The mechanism of trypanotolerance is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of factors including genetic resistance, immune response, and physiological adaptations. Some breeds of cattle, such as the N'Dama breed from West Africa, have been shown to exhibit high levels of trypanotolerance, allowing them to survive in areas where other breeds cannot.
Significance
Trypanotolerance is a significant factor in livestock management in areas affected by Trypanosoma parasites. Breeds with this trait can be used to improve the productivity and sustainability of livestock farming in these regions. Furthermore, understanding the genetic basis of trypanotolerance could potentially lead to the development of new treatments or prevention strategies for trypanosomiasis in both animals and humans.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Trypanotolerance
- Wikipedia's article - Trypanotolerance
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