Ulnar neuropathy

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Ulnar neuropathy
Nerves of the left upper extremity
Synonyms	Ulnar nerve entrapment, Cubital tunnel syndrome
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Numbness, tingling, pain in the ring finger and little finger, weakness in the hand
Complications	Muscle atrophy, claw hand
Onset	Gradual
Duration	Varies
Types	N/A
Causes	Compression of the ulnar nerve
Risks	Repetitive motion, elbow flexion, trauma
Diagnosis	Physical examination, nerve conduction study, electromyography
Differential diagnosis	Carpal tunnel syndrome, cervical radiculopathy
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Splinting, physical therapy, surgery
Medication	NSAIDs
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

A condition involving damage to the ulnar nerve

Gray's anatomy illustration of the brachial plexus

Ulnar neuropathy is a condition that involves damage to the ulnar nerve, which can result in numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and fingers. It is one of the most common types of peripheral neuropathy and often affects the elbow region, known as cubital tunnel syndrome.

Anatomy

The ulnar nerve is one of the major nerves of the upper limb. It originates from the brachial plexus and travels down the arm, passing through the cubital tunnel at the elbow and into the hand. It innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus in the forearm, as well as most of the small muscles in the hand.

Nerves of the left upper extremity

Causes

Ulnar neuropathy can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Repetitive elbow flexion and extension
• Direct trauma to the elbow
• Prolonged pressure on the elbow
• Anatomical abnormalities
• Systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus

Symptoms

Common symptoms of ulnar neuropathy include:

• Numbness and tingling in the ring and little fingers
• Weakness in the hand, particularly in the grip
• Muscle wasting in severe cases
• Pain in the elbow or forearm

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of ulnar neuropathy typically involves a physical examination and may include:

• Nerve conduction study
• Electromyography (EMG)
• Imaging studies such as MRI or ultrasound

Nerve conduction velocity calculation

Treatment

Treatment options for ulnar neuropathy depend on the severity and cause of the condition and may include:

• Conservative measures such as rest, splinting, and physical therapy
• Medications for pain relief
• Surgical intervention to relieve pressure on the nerve

Prognosis

The prognosis for ulnar neuropathy varies. Mild cases often improve with conservative treatment, while severe cases may require surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing permanent nerve damage.

Prevention

Preventive measures include:

• Avoiding prolonged pressure on the elbow
• Using ergonomic tools and techniques
• Taking regular breaks during repetitive activities

See also

• Cubital tunnel syndrome
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Brachial plexus