Viscosity
Viscosity
Viscosity (/vɪˈskɒsɪti/) is a fundamental property of fluids, which describes a fluid's resistance to flow. It is a measure of the internal friction of a moving fluid.
Etymology
The term "viscosity" comes from the Latin word "viscosus", meaning sticky or adhesive.
Definition
Viscosity is defined as a measure of a fluid's resistance to shear or flow, and is a measure of the internal friction resulting when one layer of fluid is made to move in relation to another layer.
Types of Viscosity
There are two types of viscosity: Dynamic Viscosity and Kinematic Viscosity. Dynamic viscosity is the tangential force per unit area required to move one horizontal plane with respect to the other at unit velocity when maintained a unit distance apart by the fluid. Kinematic viscosity is the ratio of dynamic viscosity to density.
Factors Affecting Viscosity
The viscosity of a fluid depends on various factors such as temperature, pressure, and the specific characteristics of the fluid. For example, the viscosity of liquids decreases with an increase in temperature, while the viscosity of gases increases with an increase in temperature.
Measurement of Viscosity
Viscosity is measured using a device called a Viscometer. There are several types of viscometers, including the Capillary Viscometer, Falling Sphere Viscometer, and Rotational Viscometer.
Applications of Viscosity
Viscosity is an important property in a number of fields, including physics, engineering, and medicine. In medicine, the viscosity of blood is a critical factor in diagnosing and treating certain conditions, such as Heart Disease and Diabetes.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Viscosity
- Wikipedia's article - Viscosity
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