Whole brain radiotherapy
Whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is a type of radiation therapy that is used to treat brain metastases, a condition where cancer cells spread to the brain from another part of the body. This therapy involves the use of high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing.
History
The use of WBRT began in the mid-20th century, with the development of modern radiology techniques. It was initially used to treat a variety of brain conditions, but its use has become more focused on the treatment of brain metastases in recent years.
Procedure
In WBRT, the entire brain is exposed to radiation to kill cancer cells. The patient is typically positioned on a table and a machine moves around the head to deliver radiation. The procedure is usually painless and lasts about 15 to 30 minutes. The number of treatments needed varies depending on the type and extent of the cancer.
Side Effects
Like all forms of radiation therapy, WBRT can cause side effects. These may include fatigue, hair loss, nausea, and difficulty thinking or remembering. Long-term side effects can include changes in personality, memory loss, and difficulty with coordination.
Efficacy
WBRT is effective in controlling the growth of brain metastases in many patients. However, it does not cure the cancer and is usually used in conjunction with other treatments such as chemotherapy or surgery.
Controversies
There is ongoing debate in the medical community about the use of WBRT. Some studies suggest that it may not improve survival in patients with brain metastases, and that it may cause long-term cognitive side effects. However, other studies suggest that it can significantly improve quality of life by controlling symptoms.
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