Amelia (birth defect)

Amelia (pronounced: /əˈmiːliə/) is a rare birth defect that involves the absence of one or more limbs at birth. The term is derived from the Greek words "a" (without) and "melos" (limb).

Etymology

The term "Amelia" comes from the Greek words "a-", meaning "without", and "melos", meaning "limb". It was first used in medical literature in the 19th century to describe the absence of one or more limbs at birth.

Classification

Amelia can be classified based on the number of limbs affected. It can be:

Monomelia: Absence of one limb
Hemimelia: Absence of part of one limb
Phocomelia: Short, poorly formed limb
Meromelia: Partial absence of a limb

Causes

Amelia can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic mutations, environmental factors, and certain medications taken during pregnancy. Some of the known causes include:

Genetic disorders: Certain genetic disorders, such as Roberts syndrome and TAR syndrome, can cause Amelia.
Environmental factors: Exposure to certain chemicals or radiation during pregnancy can increase the risk of Amelia.
Medications: Certain medications, such as thalidomide, when taken during pregnancy can cause Amelia.

Treatment

Treatment for Amelia primarily involves physical therapy and the use of prosthetic limbs. In some cases, surgery may be required to improve the function of the remaining limbs.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Amelia (birth defect)
Wikipedia's article - Amelia (birth defect)

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Amelia (birth defect)