Axis
Axis (anatomy)
Axis (pronounced: /ˈæksɪs/), in the field of anatomy, refers to the second cervical vertebra of the spine, also known as the C2 vertebra or epistropheus. The term 'axis' is derived from the Latin word 'axis', meaning 'axle' or 'pivot', which describes the role of the axis in the rotation of the head.
Structure
The axis is a unique vertebra due to its distinctive features. It has a strong, tooth-like process known as the odontoid process or dens, which projects upwards. This process fits into a hole in the first cervical vertebra, the atlas, allowing for rotation of the head.
Function
The axis plays a crucial role in the movement and stability of the head and neck. It forms a pivot, allowing the head to rotate and tilt. It also provides support and protection for the spinal cord.
Related Terms
- Atlas: The first cervical vertebra, which articulates with the axis to allow head movement.
- Odontoid process: A tooth-like projection of the axis that fits into the atlas.
- Vertebra: One of the individual bones that make up the spinal column.
- Cervical vertebrae: The seven vertebrae that make up the neck portion of the spine.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Axis
- Wikipedia's article - Axis
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