Axonotmesis
Axonotmesis
Axonotmesis (pronounced: ax·o·not·me·sis) is a type of nerve injury that involves damage to the axon, a part of the neuron that carries electrical impulses. The term is derived from the Greek words 'axon', meaning axis, and 'tmesis', meaning cutting.
Definition
Axonotmesis is a second-degree nerve injury characterized by the interruption of the axon and myelin sheath, but with preservation of the connective tissue framework (the endoneurium, perineurium, and epineurium). This type of injury is more severe than Neurapraxia, which involves a temporary blockage of nerve conduction, but less severe than Neurotmesis, which is the most severe form of nerve injury involving complete severance of the nerve.
Causes
Axonotmesis often results from crush or stretch injuries, or severe ischemia (lack of blood supply). It can also be caused by diseases that damage the nerves, such as peripheral neuropathy or Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Symptoms
Symptoms of axonotmesis can include muscle weakness, loss of sensation, and decreased motor function in the affected area. The severity of the symptoms depends on the extent of the nerve damage and the specific nerves involved.
Treatment
Treatment for axonotmesis primarily involves physical therapy and, in some cases, surgery. The goal of treatment is to restore as much function as possible and to help manage symptoms. Nerve regeneration in axonotmesis can occur, but it is a slow process and complete recovery is not always possible.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Axonotmesis
- Wikipedia's article - Axonotmesis
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