Nerve injury

Nerve Injury

Nerve injury (pronunciation: /nɜːrv ˈɪndʒəri/) refers to damage to the nervous system's neurons or nerve fibers, which can result in loss of function, sensation, or motor control.

Etymology

The term "nerve injury" is derived from the Latin "nervus" meaning "sinew, nerve" and the Old English "injury" meaning "wrong, injustice, violation."

Types of Nerve Injury

Nerve injuries can be classified into three main types:

1. Neurapraxia: This is the mildest form of nerve injury, characterized by a temporary blockage of nerve conduction, often improving within days to weeks.
2. Axonotmesis: This involves damage to the nerve fiber but not the insulating sheath, leading to Wallerian degeneration and potential recovery.
3. Neurotmesis: This is the most severe type of nerve injury involving complete severance of the nerve fiber and insulating sheath, often requiring surgical intervention.

Causes

Nerve injuries can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma, surgery, infection, autoimmune diseases, and neurological disorders.

Symptoms

Symptoms of nerve injury can vary greatly depending on the location and severity of the injury, but may include pain, numbness, weakness, and paralysis.

Treatment

Treatment for nerve injuries can range from conservative management with physical therapy and medication, to surgical intervention in more severe cases.

Related Terms

• Peripheral nerve injury
• Cranial nerve injury
• Spinal cord injury
• Neuropathy
• Neuroregeneration

See Also

• Nervous system
• Neuron
• Neurology

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Nerve injury
• Wikipedia's article - Nerve injury

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