Bacterial taxonomy
Bacterial taxonomy
Bacterial taxonomy is the taxonomy, i.e. the rank-based classification, of bacteria. In the scientific classification established by Carl Linnaeus, each species has to be assigned to a genus (binary nomenclature), which in turn is a lower level of a hierarchy of ranks (family, suborder, order, subclass, class, division/phyla, kingdom and domain).
Pronunciation
/bækˈtɪərɪəl tæksˈɒnəmi/
Etymology
The term "bacterial taxonomy" is derived from two words. "Bacterial" comes from the word "bacteria", which is the plural of the New Latin bacterium, which in turn is the latinisation of the Greek βακτήριον (baktērion), the diminutive of βακτηρία (baktēria), meaning "staff, cane", because the first ones to be discovered were rod-shaped. "Taxonomy" comes from the Greek words "taxis" meaning arrangement, and "nomia" meaning method.
Related Terms
- Bacteria: Microscopic single-celled organisms that inhabit virtually all environments, including soil, water, organic matter, and the bodies of multicellular animals.
- Taxonomy: The science of classification, in biology the arrangement of organisms into a classification.
- Phylogenetics: The study of the evolutionary history and relationships among individuals or groups of organisms.
- Microbiology: The study of microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, archaea, fungi and protozoa.
- Genus: A rank in the biological classification (taxonomy) that groups together closely related species.
- Species: The lowest and most exact level of taxonomy where a group of organisms share a common ancestor.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bacterial taxonomy
- Wikipedia's article - Bacterial taxonomy
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