Cell survival
Cell Survival
Cell survival (pronunciation: /sɛl sərˈvaɪvəl/) is a term used in biology and medicine to describe the ability of a cell to remain functional and alive under various conditions.
Etymology
The term "cell survival" is derived from the Latin "cellula" meaning "small room" and the Old French "survivre" meaning "to outlive".
Definition
Cell survival refers to the ability of a cell to continue to function and maintain its viability in the face of stress or damage. This can involve a variety of mechanisms, including DNA repair, autophagy, and the activation of survival pathways.
Related Terms
- Cell Death: The process by which a cell ceases to function and is ultimately eliminated. Cell death can occur as a result of normal physiological processes or in response to disease or injury.
- Apoptosis: A form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. It is a highly regulated and controlled process that plays a crucial role in an organism's development and homeostasis.
- Necrosis: A form of cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue. Unlike apoptosis, necrosis is unprogrammed and uncontrolled.
- Autophagy: A cellular process that involves the degradation and recycling of unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular components. Autophagy plays a key role in maintaining cell survival under conditions of stress.
- DNA Repair: The collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. DNA repair is essential for cell survival as it prevents mutations that can lead to diseases like cancer.
- Survival Pathways: These are cellular pathways that promote cell survival and inhibit apoptosis. They are often activated in response to cellular stress or damage.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cell survival
- Wikipedia's article - Cell survival
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