Clavicles

Clavicles

The Clavicles (pronounced: KLAV-i-kulz), also known as the collarbones, are a pair of long bones that serve as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum or breastbone. There are two clavicles, one on the left and one on the right. The clavicles are the only long bones in the body that lie horizontally. Together with the shoulder blade, they make up the shoulder girdle.

Etymology

The term "clavicle" derives from the Latin clavicula, a diminutive of clavis which means "key" for its shape that is similar to an old-fashioned skeleton key. Its anatomical name reflects this shape, with the Latin term for "little key" or "key-like".

Structure

The clavicle is a long bone that has a shaft and two ends. It can be divided into the medial end, the lateral end, and the shaft. The medial end articulates with the manubrium of the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint. The lateral end articulates with the acromion of the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint.

Function

The clavicle serves several functions. It serves as a rigid support from which the scapula and free limb are suspended; an arrangement that keeps the upper limb away from the thorax so that the arm has maximum range of movement. Acting as a flexible, crane-like strut, it allows the scapula to move freely on the thoracic wall.

Related Terms

• Sternoclavicular joint: The joint at the medial end of the clavicle, connecting it to the sternum.
• Acromioclavicular joint: The joint at the lateral end of the clavicle, connecting it to the acromion of the scapula.
• Scapula: Also known as the shoulder blade, it is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle.

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