Compact bone
Compact Bone
Compact bone, also known as cortical bone, is a dense and rigid type of bone tissue that makes up approximately 80% of the total bone mass in the human body. It is primarily responsible for the support and protection of the body's organs and structures.
Pronunciation
Compact bone: /kɒmpækt boʊn/
Etymology
The term "compact bone" is derived from the Latin word "compactus", which means "closely packed or dense". The term "bone" comes from the Old English word "bān", which has the same meaning.
Structure
Compact bone is composed of closely packed osteon or Haversian systems. Each osteon consists of concentric layers, or lamellae, of compact bone tissue that surround a central canal, the haversian canal. The haversian canal contains the bone's blood supplies and nerve fibers.
Function
The primary function of compact bone is to support the body, protect organs, provide levers for movement, and store and release chemical elements, mainly calcium.
Related Terms
- Osteon: The fundamental functional unit of much compact bone.
- Haversian Canal: Any of the minute tubes that form a network in bone and contain blood vessels.
- Lamellae: Thin layers of bone matrix within the compact bone in which the osteocytes reside.
- Osteocyte: A cell that lies within the substance of fully formed bone.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Compact bone
- Wikipedia's article - Compact bone
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