Diabetes mellitus type 1

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (pronounced /ˈdaɪəˌbiːtɪs mɛˈlaɪtəs taɪp wʌn/), also known as type 1 diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. The subsequent lack of insulin leads to increased blood and urine glucose. The classical symptoms are frequent urination, increased thirst, increased hunger, and weight loss.

Etymology

The term "diabetes" is derived from the Greek word "diabainein", which means "to pass through," referring to the excessive amount of urine produced by individuals with the condition. "Mellitus" is Latin for "sweetened with honey," reflecting the high sugar content in the urine and blood of individuals with diabetes. The term "type 1" is used to distinguish this form of diabetes from type 2 diabetes, which is characterized by insulin resistance.

Related Terms

Insulin: A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates the amount of glucose in the blood.
Glucose: A simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates.
Autoimmune disease: A condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a normal body part.
Pancreas: A glandular organ in the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.
Diabetes mellitus type 2: A long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.