Dicentric chromosome
Dicentric Chromosome
A Dicentric Chromosome (pronunciation: /daɪˈsɛntrɪk ˈkroʊməˌsoʊm/) is a type of Chromosome Abnormality that occurs when two centromeres are present in a single chromosome.
Etymology
The term "Dicentric" is derived from the Greek words "di", meaning two, and "kentron", meaning center. This refers to the presence of two centromeres in the chromosome.
Description
A Dicentric Chromosome is an aberration in the normal structure of chromosomes. Normally, a chromosome has a single centromere, which is the point of attachment for spindle fibers during cell division. However, in a Dicentric Chromosome, there are two centromeres. This can lead to problems during cell division, as the spindle fibers may pull the chromosome in two different directions, potentially leading to chromosome breakage and cell death.
Causes
Dicentric Chromosomes can be caused by errors during meiosis or mitosis, specifically during the process of DNA repair. They can also be induced by exposure to certain types of radiation or chemicals.
Related Terms
- Acentric Chromosome: A chromosome that lacks a centromere.
- Monocentric Chromosome: A chromosome with a single centromere.
- Holocentric Chromosome: A chromosome with multiple centromeres spread along its length.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Dicentric chromosome
- Wikipedia's article - Dicentric chromosome
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