Extravillous trophoblast
Extravillous Trophoblast
The Extravillous Trophoblast (pronounced: ex-tra-vil-lous tro-fo-blast) is a specialized type of cell that plays a crucial role in the development and function of the placenta during pregnancy.
Etymology
The term 'Extravillous Trophoblast' is derived from the Greek words 'extra' meaning outside, 'villus' meaning shaggy hair, and 'trophoblast' meaning nourishment generator.
Function
Extravillous Trophoblasts (EVTs) are responsible for invading the maternal endometrium (the lining of the uterus) and the maternal spiral arteries, which allows for the proper exchange of nutrients and waste products between the mother and the fetus. They also play a role in modulating the maternal immune response to prevent rejection of the fetus.
Related Terms
- Trophoblast: The outer layer of cells in a blastocyst that provides nutrients to the embryo and develops into a large part of the placenta.
- Cytotrophoblast: The inner layer of the trophoblast, which gives rise to the Extravillous Trophoblasts and other specialized cells of the placenta.
- Endometrium: The lining of the uterus, which the Extravillous Trophoblasts invade to establish a connection between the mother and the fetus.
- Spiral arteries: The arteries in the uterus that are remodeled by the Extravillous Trophoblasts to ensure adequate blood flow to the placenta.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Extravillous trophoblast
- Wikipedia's article - Extravillous trophoblast
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