Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (pronunciation: glu·ca·gon-like pep·tide-1 re·cep·tor a·go·nist) is a type of medication used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
Etymology
The term "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist" is derived from its function. "Glucagon-like peptide-1" is a hormone that is naturally produced in the body, and an "agonist" is a substance that initiates a physiological response when combined with a receptor.
Function
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists work by mimicking the functions of the natural hormone glucagon-like peptide-1. This hormone is involved in glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. By activating the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, these agonists stimulate insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, thereby helping to regulate blood glucose levels.
Related Terms
- Glucagon: A hormone that raises blood glucose levels. It is the functional opposite of insulin.
- Insulin: A hormone that lowers blood glucose levels. It is the functional opposite of glucagon.
- Type 2 diabetes: A chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose).
- Blood glucose: The main type of sugar in the blood and the body's main source of energy.
- Receptor (biochemistry): A protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell.
Usage
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. They are typically prescribed when lifestyle changes and other medications have not been able to control blood glucose levels effectively.
Side Effects
Possible side effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss. More serious side effects can include pancreatitis and changes in heart rate.
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