Glucose uptake

Glucose Uptake

Glucose uptake (/ɡluːkoʊs ʌpteɪk/) refers to the process by which cells absorb glucose from the bloodstream. This process is essential for providing cells with the energy they need to function.

Etymology

The term "glucose uptake" is derived from the Greek word "glykys," meaning sweet, and the English word "uptake," which means to take in or absorb.

Process

Glucose uptake is facilitated by a family of transport proteins known as glucose transporters (GLUTs). These proteins are located in the cell membrane and function to transport glucose across the membrane and into the cell.

Once inside the cell, glucose is either used immediately for energy through a process known as glycolysis, or it is stored for later use in the form of glycogen in the liver and muscles.

Regulation

The regulation of glucose uptake is a complex process that involves several hormones, including insulin and glucagon. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by stimulating the translocation of GLUT4, a specific type of glucose transporter, to the cell membrane. On the other hand, glucagon inhibits glucose uptake by promoting the conversion of glycogen back into glucose.

Related Terms

• Glycolysis
• Glycogen
• Glucose transporters
• Insulin
• Glucagon

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Glucose uptake
• Wikipedia's article - Glucose uptake

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