Mesoderm
Mesoderm
Mesoderm (/ˈmɛsədɜːrm/; from Greek μέσος mesos "middle", and δέρμα derma "skin") is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and endoderm (inside layer), with the mesoderm as the middle layer.
The mesoderm forms during the process of gastrulation, when the blastula is reorganized into a structure known as the gastrula. The mesoderm gives rise to various structures within the organism, including the musculoskeletal system, the circulatory system, the excretory system, and, in some animals, the respiratory system.
Etymology
The term "mesoderm" comes from the Greek words mesos, meaning "middle", and derma, meaning "skin". This is reflective of its position in the early embryonic layers, situated between the ectoderm and endoderm.
Related Terms
- Gastrulation: The process in embryonic development during which the mesoderm forms.
- Blastula: The structure formed in early development that eventually reorganizes into the gastrula.
- Gastrula: The structure that forms from the blastula during gastrulation, and from which the mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm develop.
- Ectoderm: The outermost of the three primary germ layers in an embryo.
- Endoderm: The innermost of the three primary germ layers in an embryo.
- Musculoskeletal system: The system of muscles and bones in the body, which is derived from the mesoderm.
- Circulatory system: The system that circulates blood and lymph throughout the body, which is derived from the mesoderm.
- Excretory system: The system that removes excess, unnecessary materials from the body, which is derived from the mesoderm.
- Respiratory system: The system used for breathing, which in some animals is derived from the mesoderm.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Mesoderm
- Wikipedia's article - Mesoderm
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