Oxidizer
Oxidizer
Oxidizer (pronounced: /ˈɒksɪdaɪzər/) is a type of chemical substance that has the ability to oxidize other substances, meaning it can cause them to lose electrons.
Etymology
The term "oxidizer" originates from the English word "oxidize", which is derived from the French "oxydizer", meaning to combine with oxygen. The term was first used in the mid-19th century.
Definition
An Oxidizer is a substance that has the ability to gain electrons in a chemical reaction. This process is known as Oxidation. Oxidizers are often used in a variety of applications, including rocket propellants, explosives, and in industrial processes to create various chemicals.
Types of Oxidizers
There are several types of oxidizers, including:
- Oxygen: The most common oxidizer, oxygen is used in a variety of applications, including combustion and respiration.
- Chlorine: Chlorine is a strong oxidizer that is often used in disinfection and bleaching processes.
- Fluorine: Fluorine is the most powerful oxidizer and is used in rocket propellants and in the production of uranium hexafluoride for nuclear fuel processing.
- Nitrate: Nitrates are commonly used in fertilizers and explosives.
Related Terms
- Reduction: The opposite of oxidation, reduction is the process of gaining electrons.
- Redox: Short for reduction-oxidation, redox refers to chemical reactions where the oxidation states of atoms are changed.
- Oxidation State: The oxidation state of an atom is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom.
- Electron: A subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Oxidizer
- Wikipedia's article - Oxidizer
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