Peliosis hepatis
Peliosis hepatis
Peliosis hepatis (pronunciation: pe-lee-OH-sis heh-PAY-tis) is a rare, pathological condition characterized by the presence of multiple, randomly distributed, blood-filled cavities throughout the liver.
Etymology
The term "Peliosis hepatis" is derived from the Greek words "pelios" meaning "dark" and "hepar" meaning "liver". This refers to the appearance of the liver in this condition, which is often dark due to the presence of blood-filled cavities.
Pathophysiology
In Peliosis hepatis, the blood-filled cavities can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. These cavities are not lined by endothelium, the usual lining of blood vessels, and can therefore rupture and cause intra-abdominal hemorrhage, a potentially life-threatening complication.
Causes
The exact cause of Peliosis hepatis is unknown, but it has been associated with several conditions and medications. These include malignant neoplasms, tuberculosis, HIV infection, and the use of anabolic steroids or oral contraceptives.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Peliosis hepatis can vary widely, from asymptomatic to severe abdominal pain and life-threatening internal bleeding. Other symptoms can include fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight loss.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Peliosis hepatis is often incidental, during imaging studies or surgery for other conditions. It can be confirmed by liver biopsy, which shows the characteristic blood-filled cavities.
Treatment
Treatment of Peliosis hepatis is primarily supportive, focusing on managing symptoms and any underlying conditions. In severe cases, liver transplantation may be necessary.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Peliosis hepatis
- Wikipedia's article - Peliosis hepatis
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