Phases of clinical research

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Phases of Clinical Research

Phases of Clinical Research (pronunciation: /ˈklinikəl riˈsərCH/) refers to the different stages involved in the testing of new drugs or treatments in clinical trials before they are approved for general use. The etymology of the term "clinical" is derived from the Greek word "klinikos", which means "bed", referring to the treatment of patients. "Research" comes from the Old French "recercher", meaning "to seek out, search closely".

Phase I

Phase I (pronunciation: /feɪz wʌn/) is the first phase of clinical research. In this phase, researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people (20-80) for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.

Phase II

Phase II (pronunciation: /feɪz tuː/) is the second phase of clinical research. The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people (100-300) to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.

Phase III

Phase III (pronunciation: /feɪz θriː/) is the third phase of clinical research. The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people (1,000-3,000) to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.

Phase IV

Phase IV (pronunciation: /feɪz fɔːr/) is the fourth phase of clinical research. This phase happens after the drug or treatment has been marketed. Researchers track side effects, and collect data on the drug's effectiveness in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.

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