Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis
Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (pronunciation: pohst-kah-lah-ah-zahr dur-muhl leesh-muh-nye-uh-sis) is a complication of visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar.
Etymology
The term "post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis" is derived from the Sanskrit "kala-azar" meaning "black fever", referring to the darkening of the skin that occurs in some forms of the disease. "Dermal" refers to the skin, and "leishmaniasis" is named after the British pathologist William Boog Leishman, who first identified the parasite.
Definition
Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a skin condition that can occur in patients who have previously been treated for visceral leishmaniasis. It is characterized by the development of skin lesions, which can range from small, dark spots to large, disfiguring nodules.
Symptoms
The main symptom of PKDL is the appearance of skin lesions, which can vary in size, shape, and location. These lesions may be macular (flat), papular (raised), or nodular (large and bumpy). They are typically non-itchy and painless.
Causes
PKDL is caused by the same parasite that causes visceral leishmaniasis, Leishmania donovani. After treatment for visceral leishmaniasis, the parasite can remain dormant in the skin and later cause PKDL.
Treatment
Treatment for PKDL typically involves a course of antiparasitic drugs, such as amphotericin B or miltefosine. In some cases, treatment may also include topical creams or ointments to help manage skin symptoms.
Epidemiology
PKDL is most common in areas where visceral leishmaniasis is endemic, including parts of India, Bangladesh, Sudan, and Ethiopia.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis
- Wikipedia's article - Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis
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