Relative risk reduction
Relative risk reduction (pronunciation: rel-uh-tiv risk ri-duhk-shuhn) is a statistical term used in epidemiology and medical research to measure the effectiveness of a specific treatment or intervention in reducing the risk of a certain outcome compared to a control group.
Etymology
The term "relative risk reduction" is derived from the field of statistics, where "relative" refers to the comparison between two groups, "risk" refers to the probability of an event occurring, and "reduction" refers to the decrease in risk.
Definition
Relative risk reduction (RRR) is calculated by comparing the risk of a specific outcome in the treatment group to the risk in the control group. The formula for calculating RRR is:
RRR = (CER - EER) / CER
where CER (Control Event Rate) is the proportion of negative outcomes in the control group and EER (Experimental Event Rate) is the proportion of negative outcomes in the treatment group.
Related Terms
- Absolute risk reduction (ARR): This is the absolute difference in outcomes between a control group and a treatment group. It is calculated as ARR = CER - EER.
- Number needed to treat (NNT): This is the number of patients that need to be treated to prevent one additional bad outcome. It is calculated as NNT = 1 / ARR.
- Odds ratio (OR): This is the odds of an event occurring in the treatment group compared to the odds of it occurring in the control group.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Relative risk reduction
- Wikipedia's article - Relative risk reduction
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