Temporal bone
Temporal Bone
The Temporal Bone (/tɛmpərəl boʊn/; from the Latin tempus meaning "time") is a complex, paired structure that forms part of the human skull. It is located on the sides and base of the skull, and lateral to the temporal lobe of the brain.
Anatomy
The temporal bone is divided into several regions: the squamous part, the tympanic part, the mastoid part, the petrous part, and the styloid process. Each of these parts has a unique structure and function.
- Squamous Part: The largest and most superiorly positioned relative to the rest of the bone, it includes the zygomatic process.
- Tympanic Part: This part forms the front wall and part of the lower wall of the external auditory meatus.
- Mastoid Part: Located posteriorly, it contains the mastoid process, mastoid notch, mastoid foramen, and mastoid air cells.
- Petrous Part: The densest part of the temporal bone, it houses the structures of the inner ear.
- Styloid Process: A thin, pointed piece of bone that projects down and forward from the inferior surface of the temporal bone.
Function
The temporal bone serves several functions. It provides structural support to the skull and protection for the brain. It also houses structures of the ear that are critical for hearing and balance.
Clinical Significance
Damage to the temporal bone can lead to serious conditions such as temporal bone fracture, hearing loss, vertigo, and facial paralysis. Treatment options depend on the severity and location of the damage.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Temporal bone
- Wikipedia's article - Temporal bone
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