Tropical splenomegaly syndrome
Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome (pronunciation: trɒpɪkəl splɪˈnɒmɪɡəli sɪndroʊm) is a medical condition characterized by chronic enlargement of the spleen and hypergammaglobulinemia, primarily occurring in individuals residing in or originating from tropical regions.
Etymology
The term "Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome" is derived from its geographical prevalence in tropical regions, the characteristic splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen), and its classification as a syndrome due to the collection of signs and symptoms that define the condition.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome is a significantly enlarged spleen, which can cause abdominal discomfort and pain. Other symptoms may include anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and hypergammaglobulinemia.
Causes
Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome is thought to be caused by an abnormal immune response to repeated malaria infections. The exact mechanism of this response is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve the production of excessive amounts of immunoglobulin M (IgM), leading to the characteristic hypergammaglobulinemia.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome is typically based on the presence of an enlarged spleen in a patient with a history of residence or travel in a tropical region, along with laboratory findings of hypergammaglobulinemia and exclusion of other causes of splenomegaly.
Treatment
Treatment for Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome primarily involves management of the underlying malaria infection, typically with antimalarial drugs. In severe cases, splenectomy (surgical removal of the spleen) may be considered.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tropical splenomegaly syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Tropical splenomegaly syndrome
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