Abductive reasoning
Abductive Reasoning
Abductive reasoning (pronounced: ab-duhk-tiv ree-zuh-ning) is a form of logical inference which starts with an observation or set of observations and then seeks the simplest and most likely explanation for the observations. This process, unlike deductive reasoning, does not guarantee a correct conclusion, but it can suggest possible explanations or hypotheses.
Etymology
The term "abductive reasoning" was coined by the American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce in the late 19th century. It comes from the Latin word 'abducere', which means 'to lead away'. In this context, it refers to leading away from the observed facts to a hypothesis that explains them.
Related Terms
- Deductive reasoning: A type of reasoning that starts with a general statement or hypothesis and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion.
- Inductive reasoning: A method of reasoning in which the premises are viewed as supplying some evidence, but not full assurance, of the truth of the conclusion.
- Hypothesis: A proposed explanation for a phenomenon made as a starting point for further investigation.
- Inference: The act or process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true.
- Observation: The active acquisition of information from a primary source.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Abductive reasoning
- Wikipedia's article - Abductive reasoning
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